Guide · 4 min read

Flatten Nested JSON to CSV

To convert nested JSON to CSV, flatten each nested object into flat columns using dot notation (e.g. address.city), and either join arrays into one cell or expand them across rows. CSV is the universal format for spreadsheets and analytics, but most APIs return nested JSON. This guide explains exactly how flattening works and how to handle arrays, deep nesting, and common edge cases.

JSON Array

CSV (ready for Excel / Sheets)

[
  {
    "name": "Alice",
    "city": "New York",
    "score": 95,
    "active": true
  },
  {
    "name": "Bob",
    "city": "Los Angeles",
    "score": 87,
    "active": false
  },
  {
    "name": "Carol",
    "city": "Chicago",
    "score": 92,
    "active": true
  }
]

How to Convert JSON to CSV — 3 Steps

Prepare your JSON array

The input must be a JSON array of objects ([ {...}, {...} ]). Each object becomes one row; its keys become the column headers.

Paste into the JSON to CSV converter

Open the JSON to CSV tool and paste your JSON array. The converter detects all keys automatically and builds the header row.

Download the CSV

Click Download to save the .csv file, then open it in Excel, Google Sheets, or any spreadsheet tool. No reformatting needed.

Convert JSON to CSV

How Nested Objects Are Flattened

CSV is a flat format — it has rows and columns but no nesting. When you convert JSON with nested objects, the converter flattens nested keys using dot notation:

Nested JSON

{
  "name": "Alice",
  "address": {
    "city": "NYC",
    "zip": "10001"
  }
}

Flattened CSV

name,address.city,address.zip
Alice,NYC,10001

The nested address object becomes two columns: address.city and address.zip.

How Nested Arrays Are Handled

When a field contains an array of values (e.g. "tags": ["web", "api"]), the converter joins the values into a single cell separated by semicolons:

tags
web;api

For arrays of nested objects, each array element is typically expanded into separate rows or columns, depending on the structure. For complex nested arrays, it is often easier to process the JSON with a script than to flatten it automatically.

Common Use Cases for JSON to CSV Conversion

API data to spreadsheet: Export user lists, orders, analytics events, or any JSON array from an API directly into Excel or Google Sheets for analysis.

Database exports: MongoDB and DynamoDB export data as JSON. Convert to CSV for import into PostgreSQL, MySQL, or a BI tool like Tableau.

Reporting and sharing: Non-technical stakeholders can open CSV files in Excel without any tools. Share data exports as CSV instead of raw JSON.

Data migration: When migrating between systems, CSV is often the lowest-common-denominator import format accepted by almost every platform.

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Open JSON to CSV